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  2. 醫療新聞
  3. 魚湯、雞湯、精力湯…補身體?!別讓營養不良成為癌症治療阻力 營養師導正迷思建立治療重要助力

魚湯、雞湯、精力湯…補身體?!別讓營養不良成為癌症治療阻力 營養師導正迷思建立治療重要助力

2019/9/19
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不道聽塗說導正迷思  正確補充營養成為癌症治療的重要助力

在營養諮詢的過程中,癌症病人最常對「吃」無所適從,常因為「聽說偏方」而亂了方寸,每餐的飲食不知不覺變成了生活中的壓力。王依屏營養師說明,國人最常見的是利用「魚湯、雞湯」來補身體,甚至認為湯才是營養最精華所在,因此常常只有喝湯而缺乏及忽略了其中的魚肉或雞肉。另外,也有患者擔心“養肥”癌細胞而不敢吃得太營養,甚至連飯都不敢吃,更別說有額外補充營養品。然而,約有八成的病人在癌症治療過程中,會因為疾病本身、藥物治療及手術引起食慾減退或進食困難,進而面臨體重下降的問題,因此,如何在治療過程中均衡營養、穩定體重及體力相對重要,王依屏營養師強調,在癌症治療及其手術後最需要補充的就是熱量及蛋白質的攝取,「接受療程是現階段最重要的事,如果攝食量不足、營養不夠,你就會沒有體力,這將影響後續的放化療進行,還可能因此中斷療程。」臨床上常見癌症病人無法持續治療的原因就是“營養不良”,所以這段期間病人更需要及時接受營養補充之專業評估及建議,了解營養不良可能提高風險相關訊息。

此外,大多數人所認知以一些堅果類及新鮮蔬菜水果為主的精力湯,能夠提供許多抗氧化物質,可作為癌症療程中的飲食輔助。原則上,營養師並不建議癌症治療中及術後病人採取生機飲食,這類的飲食比較像是防癌飲食,容易造成熱量蛋白質攝取不足,導致營養失衡、並且化療中病人免疫力功能下降攝取生食反而增加感染危險性。

癌症病人的營養是否足夠 三種簡易方式自我檢測

(一) 身體質量指數(BMI)過低
體重(公斤)/身高²(公尺²),即為BMI,BMI<18.5的病人屬於瘦弱型體位或較嚴重營養不良,營養不良惡化風險高。
(二) 自我體重監測目前體重和前一個月的體重相比流失5%以上或半年內體重流失10%以上,意味這6個月患者的營養狀況較快速惡化。如果體重流失5%以上,是營養不良的警訊。
(三) 連日攝食量與平常食量相更少
倘若病人連續好幾天的攝食量都是平常食量的一半或2/3,可能是因接受治療導致口腔難以吞嚥或腸胃不適等症狀,也是營養,不良的預兆,應提高警覺。

病友們都可以透過自我監測的方式了解自身營養狀況,若發生以上營養相關問題,建議應向營養師諮詢,中醫大新竹附醫設有營養門診,由專業的營養師提供正確營養補充的訊息,以確保所需營養素及熱量攝取適當,讓病友們在良好的飲食品質下,保有足夠的體力,在癌症治療中獲得最好的生活品質及結果。

 

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